Process of checking molds designed for the molding of glassware



March 20, 1928. 1,663,306

0. c. K. HUTCHINSON PROCESS OF CHECKING MOLDS DESIGNED FOR THE MOLDINGOF GLASSWARE Filed May 26. 1925 523 5 Ja /x. @W M f0 MW.

il ii ill till) Pete-sited 2Q lc tls @JiLIVEl-Ps EUTCHZKSQN, @F ALKQN,ILLINQIS ASSIGNUR TU ILLEhl'QIh GLASS com QPAN'E, Q23 ALTQN, ILLINQIS AGORIPQMTION' 0E ELLINQIQ" CHECKING IiXGLDS FQR MQLDING 0F onesswecus.

Application filed May 53 into which the hlenlc is inserted and then Lmwn in the well known manner so as to fill the finishing mold which formsthe finished article, Bottles and such articles are usually made so asto here, when completed e certein definite capacity of cubic contents,It has been found to he quite at difficult matter to predetermine themolds with such accuracy that the final article will here-the shape endcapacity desired The, blend: mold must in reality measure off the amountof glass which is to he formed into the finished hottle. This measuredamount is then hlowtn in thefinishing mold and the relation. of the. twomolds must he such that the interior cur its of the finished bottle willheretics desired volume @hrh' ously the predeterminetion of the exactsizes of hlanl; and iiuishing molds is quite difficult so that somesimple method of checking these I molds is desirable lin accordance withthe usuul practice these molds are made up as nearly as possible to therequired dimensions end then ectucl samples in glass are made therefrom.These samples are then checked so as to determine whether the requiredweight, shape and capscity and weight have been ohteiuedi This method isopen to some serious objections. In the first place the process ofmalting samples is an expensive one requiring the operation of ecomplete bottle forming plant for the sake of e few samples Such samplesere usually run on Sundays or holidays, while regu er production work isshut down. The operation is completed in as short a time as possible socc to seveexpense and consequently the molds and other apparatus are notpermitted to attain the same stable conditions of temperature, etc..,which they would heve during the normal all day operation of regularproduction. This condition results in causing the samples to varysomewhat from the true form of the molds as would be ohteined in regularoperation. This is heceuse the glass and the moldshoth 192$. Sierialhie; lillLtii fi.

differ somewhat from normal operating" temperetures,

lit will he seen therefore that this method is unsatisfactory, both onaccount oi? the es;-

pense and hecause the samples ohteiued ere not true. its many cases twoend even three samples must he telren-he'iore the molds ere finallybrought to their proper form, This means that o delay of three to fourweeks in hringing s new shape into production is usually. unevoidahle.

One of the objects of this invent-ion therefore, is to provide a processfor checking molds for glass and other hollow were'hy which the accuracyof the molds may he determiued without the necessity of making ectuelsamples,

Another object is to provide such process which will consume less timeand cause less delay in bringing s new article production. i 7

Another object is to provide e process wherein casts of the molds rneyhe made in other materials than those oi which the fin-= ished articleis to he made, endthese cwts may then be accurately checked.

Further objects will appear from the following description takeninconuectiou with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a cross-sectional oft e hlanlr mold as used in the processemhodying this invention.

lgigure 2 is a similar View of the finishing Figure 3 isecross-sectional View of the finished article made by means of molds thecase illustrated heing of a.

Figure 4 is s View of a cost of the hlonlc mold shown in Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a, similar cast oi the finishing mold. l

Figure 6 is a view illustrating the appsratus used in the determinationof volumes and weights in accordance with this invention.

in accordance with the present invention, e test piece cast is firstmode of the blank mold in a materiel which may he put into the mold influid or plastic form, and which will set to the shape of the mold Thismaterial should preferably here a very low" coeficient of thermalexpansion so that the cast will correspond eccuroteill till

till

to be a material suitable for this purpose. A similar test piece or castis then made of the finishing .mold. These casts will accurately takethe shape each of its own mold, so that the shape of the finishing moldmay be accurately checked from the cast by observation and measurementthereof. The volumes of each of these casts is then accurately measuredby displacement. Now

the cast displacement of the blank mold gives" the volume of glass whichgoes into the making of the bottle, while the cast displacement of thefinishing mold gives the outside volume of the finished bottle;accordingly the diflerence between the volumes of these two casts willbe the volume of the interior cavity of the finished bottle. Moreoverthe cast displacement of the blank mold is proportional to the weight ofthe glass in the finished bottle. Since each of these volumes of thecasts may be determined with great accuracy by displacement, thisprocess provides a very accurate measurement of the capacity and weightof the finished article.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, 1 designates a blank mold,usually formed in two, separable halves in order to permit removal .ofthe blank. This mold usually has associated therewith a neck ring 2which forms the neck of the bottle and serves also to hold the formedblank in the machine during the transfer thereof to the finishing mold,while cooperating with theneck rin is a plunger 3. The finishing mold 5of usut construction and also .iorm'ed of separable halves is shown inFig. 2 as provided with the bottom plate 6. in accordance with thisinvention the blank mold with the neck rin in lace is inverted as shownin Fig. 1 and wit the plunger in place; the mold is then poured full ofmolten sulphur which is allowed to set therein to form a cast 22 asshown in Fig. 4:. A similar cast of the finishing mold is then made inupright position as shown in Fig. 2 with the neck ring 2 and bottomplate 6 in place. Accordingly an accurate cast 23 of the outside shapeof the bottle is obtained in sulphur as shown I in Fig. 5.

The volumes of these casts 22 and 23 can now be determined bydisplacement; this can be accomplished by an apparatus such asillustrated in Fig. 6. A scale beam is pivoted at 8 in a support 9; Thisbeam is provided with a counter oise 10 adjusted to balance the beamitse f and has a sliding counter weight 11, similar to that used in anordinary weighing scale but for a purpose as hereinafter described. Thebeam 7 has an arm 12 which rests on a knife edge on the lower end of alink 13, which in turn has a knife edge bearing on an arm 14 of theweighing mechanism. The arm 14: may be "formed on a hub 15, mounted on aknife edge pivot 18 on a frame oil the machine and provided with adepending arm 17 carrying a balance weight 18. The hub may also havemounted thereon an index arm 19 adapted to move over a scale card 20,which has a number of scales as hereinafter described. A hanger 21 issuspended from the arm 7 as shown in Figure 6. This hanger may be placedat any point along the arm 7 so as toobtain difierent ratios fordifferent calibration scales on the card 20, so as to allow for handlingcasts of a suitable range of weights. In practice a series of hangersmay be employed so as to give a quick range. may then be suspended froma hanger in any suitable manner as by a fine wire as shown.

A watertank or receptacle 25 is suspended as illustrated in Fig. 6, sothat it may be elevated. To accomplish this, the tank 25 is suspended bychains 26 from sprockets fixed to shafts 27, one of which has a handle28, while a chain 29 connects sprockets on shafts '27 and 30 so as tocause the receptacle to be elevated evenly. Weights 31 are provided tocounterbalance the receptacle and the water therein. The shafts 2'? and30 are mounted on a carrier 32 having wheels 33 rolling on a track 34mounted on the support 35 for the scale mechanism, so that the tank maybe placed in any desired position along the beam and the hanger orhangers thereon.

The scale c0rd-20 has a series of sets of scales 36, 37, correspondingin number to the position of the hanger or hangers 21 along the beam 7.The scale 36 is calibrated so as to read directly the volume (as incubic inches) of the displaced cast, while the scale 37 is calibrated soas to read directly the weight (as in ounces) of glass corresponding tothat volume; the. scales may, however, be calibrated in accordance withany desired system of measures or weights and in accordance with anydesired data required.

in order to find the required volume or weight, the cast is suspended inair from one of the hangers as shown in Fig. 6; this may cause the arm19 to move to an intermediate point 'on the scale. The counterweight 11is now adjusted along the beam so as to bring the arm 19 to the rightend of the scale and g to the zero position thereon. The tank 25 is nowelevated until the cast 22 is submerged; the arm 19 will then move tothe left, a distance which represents the buoyarmy or the displacementof the cast 22. The scale 36 will then read directly not only the volumeof the cast, but the scale 87 will also read directly the weight of theglass corresponding to that volume. By placing the blank mold cast 22 onthe mechanism and displacing the same, the volume of the blank mold andthe weight of glass required can be directly read. By placing thefinishing mold cast 23 on the mechanism and dis lacing the same thevolume of the finis ing The cast of the blank lid lllll lll l 7 mold canbe'readily read. The difi'erence between the volumes of the blank andfinishing molds will give the volume or contents of the bottle orcontainer. Each scale is reversely graduated while the pointer isadapted for reverse movement over the scale, while the counterweight isadapted to counterbalance the cast in order to set the index at the zeroor datum point on the .Both volumes and weight are measured directly,without calculation, irrespective of the specific gravity of the testcast material. Comparisons of the volumes of the two test castsgives anaccurate determination of the inside capacity of the finished article;With sulphur having a low coefficient of expansion, which coeflicient isin fact nearlyzer'o, the test casts will have the same size as theinterior cavities ofthe molds to a high degree of accuracy. These castswill therefore approximate the dimensions of the molds much moreaccurately than would a sample cast in glass taken under conditions oftemperature in the apparatus varying widely i from normal. By thisprocess also the long delay in taking glass samples is entirelyeliminated as well as a very large proportion ofthe expense involved.

till

tilt

till

It is obvious that various changes may be made in details withoutdeparting from the spirit of this invention; it is, therefore, to heunderstood that this invention is not to he limited to the specificdetails shown and descrihed.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed is:

l. The; process of checking a mold designed for the molding of adefinite article of a} predetermined shape or volume and material,comprising, filling the mold cavity with another moldalole material soas to form therein a test piece conforming thereto, and measuring thedisplacement of the test piece in order to determine the accuracy of themold.

.2. The process of checking a mold desi ed :ior the molding of adefinite article o predetermined sha e or volume and material,comprising, ii ling the mold cavity with moldalole material whosecoefiicient of expansion is substantially zero so as to form therein amst piece conforming closely thereto, and measuring the displacement ofthe test-piece in order to determine the ac-' curacy of the mold.

3. The process of checking a mold designed particularly for the moldingof a glass article of a predetermined shape or volume, comprising,pouring molten sulphur into the mold cavity and allowing the same to settherein so as to form therein a test-piece comforming closel thereto andmeasuring the displacement o the testpiece in order to determine theaccuracy of I the mold.

4. The process of checking a blank mold designed for the molding of theblank for hollow glass ware, comprising, filling the mold cavity withanother moldable material so as to form therein a test piece conforminthereto, and measuring the displacement o the testpiece for comparisonwith the volume of glass required for the were in order to determine theaccuracy of the mold.

5. The process of checking molds designed for the shaping of hollowglass ware, comprising, filling the mold cavity of a blank mold withanother moldable material so as to form therein a test piece conformingthereto, and measuring the, displacement of the test piece forcomparison with the volume of glass required for the ware in order todetermine the accuracy of the mold, and filling the mold cavity of afinishing mold with a moldable material so as to form therein a testpiece comforming thereto and measuring the displacement of the testpiece for comparison with the volume of the were in order to determinethe accuracy of the mold, and comparing the obtained measurements witheach other in order to determine the volume of the interior cavity ofthe finished ware.

6. The process of coordinately checking blank and finishing molds desied for the molding of the blankand the al molding of hollow glass ware,comprising filling the mold cavities with anothermoldahle material so asto form therein test pieces conforming respectively thereto, andmeasurin the displacements'of the test ieces for intercomparison inorder to chec the volume of the glass and were and the accuracies of themolds. I

7. The recess of checkin a, blank mold designed or the molding o; thehlank for hollow glass ware, comprising, pouring moiten sulphur intothehlank mold with the plunger and neck ring in place and allowing thesame to set therein so as to form therein a test piece conforming closelthereto, and measuring the displacement o the test piece for comparisonwith the volume of glass required for the ware in order to determineprising; pouring molteh sulphur into a blank mole; with the neck ringenfi bottom plate in place omit allowing the same to set therein so asto term therein a test piece conform" ing closely thereto and measuringthe displacement of the test piece for comparison with the volume ofglass required; for the were in order to determine the accuracy of themold, then pouring molten sulphur into the finishing mold "with the neckring and bottom plate in place and allowing the same to set therein soas to form therem e test piece conforming closely thereto encl measuringthe displacement of the test piece by comparison with the volume of thewere in order to determine the accuracy of the mold and comparing theobtained measurements with each other in order to determine the volumeof the interior cavity of the fihishd were In. testimony whereof I efiixmy signature this 18 day of May, 1926,

@LTJ G. K, HUTCHENSQFL

